A Whiteparish local history page from younsmere-frustfield.org.uk

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Whiteparish local history
Church memorials talk
A Whiteparish local history page from younsmere-frustfield.org.uk

I gave a talk on the memorials inside All Saints Church Whiteparish on 14th July 2024. This page has been prepared as quickly as possible to make available all the information presented on the slides. Further detail and links to make navigation easier will be added over the coming days.

Contents of this page

Initially this page contains the contents of the slides presented at the talk, with a few extra comments for clarification. More detail is being added. Links provided in this contents list take you to directly to specific sections without having to scroll down the page to find them.

To find an individual within this page, you can also use the Index to people at the foot of the page.

Note on references: The book 'Hundred of Frustfield' by George Matcham, published in 1844 as part of Sir Richard Colt Hoare's 'History of Modern Wiltshire', has been widely used on this page and is referred to as 'Matcham'. Many of the text copies of inscriptions shown have been copied from this book, and inevitably for a book of that complexity, some minor errors may be present in these extracts. Where I've spotted significant errors, I have added comments or inserted corrected text. Please do let me know if you spot other errors and I'll add corrections.

Which memorials are included?

I've attempted to include every memorial in church, although still keep finding the odd extra one I hadn't spotted. Any more will be added here, of course.

Only a tiny selection of the population

The monuments inside the church described here represent a tiny proportion of people who died between 1655 and 1928, most of them were prominent members of the local landed gentry.

Sara Atkinson has carried out extensive research into the people buried in the graveyard around the church and has a large database recording the graves and people. She gave a talk on these people and the changing styles of gravestone at the same event as the talk described on this page.

In the beginning this was Alderstone church

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Left: Map emphasising the scattered geography of Alderstone Manor --- Right: Alderstone in the context of a full map of the parish
Blaxwell and the three Cowesfield manors lay between the two main parts of Alderstone

To provide some context to this map, the church is at the lower end of the large area at top left. The large area at bottom right consists essentially of Cowesfield Gate and Bunny Lane and land down towards Plaitford. It is worth being aware that Cowesfield Gate and all its properties were never part of the Cowesfield manors, but in the eastern part of Alderstone. The new 1812 Alderstone manor house at Broxmore House that will be mentioned in more detail below stood near the top of Bunny Lane. [I'll add some labels to the map to make it clearer in the coming days.]

Alderstone Church after 1546

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Buckler's paintings of the church and manor house in 1805
The church was changed by Butterfield in 1860 to its present form, the house was demolished in 1812 to build Broxmore House

The memorial to Edward St Barbe (V) d.1671

The memorial to Mary St Barbe d.1692

Anthony Hungerford and Mary St Barbe married in Westminster in 1676. He is buried in St Mary's churchyard Blackbourton: "... monument is to Colonel Anthony Hungerford, who died 1703, and was buried in the vault below. It is of white marble, elaborately carved with various instruments of war — the workmanship of which is considered excellent. It bears this inscription:
Near this place lyeth the body of Colonel Anthony Hungerford of Blackbourton of this County [Oxfordshire], second son of Anthony Hungerford of Farleigh Castle in the County of Somerset, Esq. He married Mary Saintbarbe of Whiteparish in the County of Wilts, widdow. He departed this life on the seaventh day of June in the year of our Lord 1703 and in the 69th year of his age.
At the top of the monument is a shield bearing the Hungerford arms: — Sable; two bars argent, in chief three plates and above it the Hungerford garb (wheatsheaf) between two sickles.” Publications, Volumes 34-46 By North Oxfordshire Archaeological Society, p. 44-5".
[wikitree.]

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Details of Edward and Mary St Barbe memorials

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Full memorials left and closer view of heraldic achievement right, for Edward and Mary St Barbe


Explanation of heraldic terms used here to distinguish parts of the heraldic achievement
This image is subject to Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, see Wikipedia

Closer details of Edward and Mary St Barbe memorials

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Base of memorial and the crest, top Edward St Barbe, bottom Mary St Barbe
Edward's crest is a Wyvern (mythical dragon), Mary's is a wheatsheaf (known as a garb) with a sickle each side (Hungerford)
The images of skulls, other bones and worms are characteristic of the age

The house and manor stayed in the St Barbe family until 1722

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Left the manor house by the church demolished in 1812, right Broxmore House built to replace it

Robert Bristow (4) d.1853

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Children of Robert Bristow (4) and Sophia Twine d.1896

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Laura Caroline Knollys d.1873 aged 26 ---- Ada Sophia Kempe d.1880 aged 39 ---- Robert d.1883 aged 39

Sara will have more details of the Twine family locally

Sophia married again


The June 1870 churchyard extension in yellow
Below it is the 1902 extension, which includes the north half of the St Barbe manor house site, the south half being under the car park

Moving on from Alderstone…


See elsewhere on this website for an explanation of how the manorial boundaries shown on this map have been determined [link to be added here]

Manor evolution diagram for the eight Whiteparish manors

The diagram below covering 1066 to 1878 illustrates the way in which manors were gradually divided. At the time of the earliest memorials in church (1655) only Alderstone and Cowesfield Spilman were still being run as manors, and the lords of these manors had elevated status within the community. Owners/lords of the manors shown are those at 1844.


The truncated date on the right hand edge of the diagram should read 1878

A second copy of the diagram has shading emphasising the 1655 line and red lines emphasising manorial ownership where manors were still intact. Although half of Cowesfield Spilman was used as farmland by Melchet Court, Squire Lawrence still held and exercised the manorial title. Lady Fremantle, on the other hand, was an absent landlord, all her land in Cowesfield Esturmy and Cowesfield Louveras being rented out. Robert Bristow used her Cowesfield Louveras as farmland associated with Broxmore House and Park. The Brickworth line at the bottom is spurious as has never been a manor. It is present to show how the Eyre family progressively collected land from all round the parish, generally extending by buying land contiguous with their estate of the time as it came available, but also collecting properties and smallholdings elsewhere and particularly in the village. Although Moor (using the old spelling of Moore on this diagram) also survived intact for longer, it was run as a farm rather than as a manor.

Brickworth and the Eyre family

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Brickworth House engraving of 1844 and map of Brickworth Park in Henry Eyre's time (1760 to 1799)

The Eyres of Brickworth

Blue shading indicates the eight members of the Brickworth Eyre family. The last Brickworth Eyre, Frances Elizabeth Eyre, married Thomas Bolton in 1821. He became second Earl Nelson in May 1835, when they changed their name to Nelson, were given the Trafalgar estate and moved to Standlynch House, renaming it Trafalgar House. Thomas died a few months later in November 1835, leaving their son Horatio as the third Earl Nelson.

Brickworth House

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Gyles Eyre (1) 1572-d.1655 and his wife Jane

Gyles Eyre (1)

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Left: Eyre crest on helmet; Right: the Eyre crest on the Henry and Harriot Eyre memorial (featured below)


Other examples

By an amazing coincidence, Jane Legat met me at the church door as I arrived to give this talk. In clearing out a cupboard to deal with a bees nest, a package had been found at the back of the cupboard bearing the label: "Wooden crest from an Eyre family memorial, west wall". I was able to unwrap and hold up the leg for all to see!


Here are pictures of the leg, carved in wood, with the binding showing on the left side, thus presumably a left leg; the toe cap is of leather
[tbd: measure and indicate the size here, or photograph again with a ruler for scale]

Matcham's book 'Hundred of Frustfield' in 1844 has a lovely comment as follows: "In tbe early legends of the family, the crest of the booted leg is said to have been introduced by the chivalrous ancestor, whose loss of limb at Ascalon afforded protection to his gallant chief, Richard Coeur de Lion. This story is probably as veritable as "Near Ascalon's towers John of Horiston slept."

Gyles Eyre (2) 1607-1685

Henry Eyre (2) d.1678 aged 33


[from Matcham 'Hundred of Frustfield']

John Eyre, probably (2) of Eyre Court


The coat of arms description here should suffice to identify this John unambiguously [on my list to be resolved]
[from Matcham 'Hundred of Frustfield']

Sir Gyles Eyre (3) and Dorothy Ryves d.1667

Also flat stone hidden under floor in south aisle: several family members


[from Matcham 'Hundred of Frustfield']

Gyles Eyre (4) and Mabel Thayne

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It had been intended to lift the floorboards next to the font for the talk so that people could see this memorial stone, but the boards were so tightly fitted that we found it impossible to raise them.

Picture of their floor slab after discovery

Gyles Eyre (4) and Mabel Thayne

Henry Eyre d.1704 Gyles Eyre (4)’s younger brother


Henry Eyre d.1704 aged 50


[from Matcham 'Hundred of Frustfield']

John Eyre (4) d.1715 Gyles (4)’s other brother


[from Matcham 'Hundred of Frustfield']

Gyles Eyre (5) 1692-1750


The churchyard divided into three sections
Top: pre-1870 churchyard --- Middle (yellow line) 1870 extension --- Bottom (red line): 1902 extension

Henry Eyre (6) d.1799 and Harriot d.1799

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Samuel Orr and Jane Eyre

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The last two Eyres of Brickworth